Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
Jesus said to his disciples:
‘If you love me you will keep my commandments.
I shall ask the Father,
and he will give you another Advocate
to be with you for ever.
‘If anyone loves me he will keep my word,
and my Father will love him,
and we shall come to him and make our home with him.
Those who do not love me do not keep my words.
And my word is not my own:
it is the word of the one who sent me.
I have said these things to you while still with you;
but the Advocate, the Holy Spirit,
whom the Father will send in my name,
will teach you everything
and remind you of all I have said to you.
(John 14:15–16, 23–26)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- Pentecost was originally a Jewish harvest festival, celebrated fifty days after the Passover. It was one of the Jews' great pilgrimage festivals, which is why so many pilgrims were present in Jerusalem when the Holy Spirit was manifested in the lives of the disciples.
- The Christian feast of Pentecost occurs fifty days after Easter, and it is the culmination of the Lent–Easter–Pentecost cycle.
- The Church teaches that the Holy Spirit brings both gifts and fruits to the faithful (see Sharing the Tradition).
- Pentecost Sunday was often known as Whit Sunday or Whitsun, especially in England.
Exploring the Word
Again, the Christian imperative to love as Jesus loved is at the centre of the gospel. Loving God and thus loving the Son can be shown by keeping the commandments that Jesus gave—that is, by living life as a Christian should. To help in this task, Jesus promises to send the Advocate, the one who will teach and constantly remind Jesus' followers about all that has been said to them.
- What are the demands of living as Christ has taught us?
The first reading of the Pentecost Mass recounts the events on that fateful day in Jerusalem.
- Read the text from the Acts of the Apostles together.
The text emphasises that when ‘they were filled’ with the gift of the Holy Spirit, the disciples could overcome barriers and divisions and ‘preach about the marvels of God’ to people from all over the world.
- In what ways does the Holy Spirit continue enabling Jesus' disciples to overcome barriers and preach about God, even in our own time?
- Reflect on your own baptism, when you too received the Holy Spirit. What does this mean for you now?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- ‘If you love me you will keep my commandments.’ What commandments did Jesus give? How easy or difficult is it for you to keep them and live them?
- ‘The Advocate … will teach you everything and remind you of all that I said to you.’ How open are you to seeing the action of the Holy Spirit in the world around you?
- Recall someone you no longer see but who has significantly influenced or shaped who you are—someone whose memory is alive for you and whose influence remains strong. Share your memories of this person. Does this recollection give you insight into the disciples' experience at Pentecost?
- Spend some time this week reflecting on the gifts of the Holy Spirit that you can discern in yourself. Try to recognise and affirm the gifts of others this week, and use one of your own gifts to make life a little easier for someone else.
- Use today’s gospel acclamation as your prayer this week:
Come, Holy Spirit, fill the hearts of the faithful
and kindle in us the fire of your love.
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
Coming to faith does not involve acquiring a new set of beliefs about God so much as it involves discovering God’s existence within the realities of our daily lives. The gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit help us become more attuned to the actions of God in our lives and in our world. At baptism, the Holy Spirit comes upon the newly initiated Christian, and at confirmation, the Spirit of God is renewed and confirmed in the faithful.
- The seven gifts of the Holy Spirit are wisdom, understanding, counsel (right judgment), fortitude (courage), knowledge, piety (reverence) and fear (awe) of the Lord (CCC, §1831).
The Church lists twelve fruits of the Holy Spirit: charity (love), joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, generosity, gentleness, faithfulness, modesty, self-control and chastity (CCC, §1832).
- Explore these gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit. How do you see them manifested in yourself and in others? In what ways should we cultivate these gifts and fruits? How are you called to use them?
Symbols and images
The colour red is often associated with the Holy Spirit, and the priest wears red vestments on Pentecost Sunday. Red symbolises the intense love or ‘fire’ of the Holy Spirit. Other symbols of the Holy Spirit include tongues of flame, wind and a white dove. All have their origins in Scripture. Each of these symbols conveys something of the mystery of the Spirit of God, which is beyond human understanding.
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- How are the gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit made manifest in your community and manifested to the wider community? How can these gifts and fruits be strengthened even further?
- Use the symbols of the Holy Spirit as a focus for prayer: the colour red, small flames, a representation of a dove. Pray for the world and for the Church. Pray that the Holy Spirit will live in each of you. A suitable song could be Gifts of the Spirit (GA 183). Conclude with the prayer used at the laying on of hands from the Rite of Confirmation in the RCIA at §228.
Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
Jesus said to his disciples:
‘You see how it is written that the Christ would suffer and on the third day rise from the dead, and that, in his name, repentance for the forgiveness of sins would be preached to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem. You are witnesses to this.
‘And now I am sending down to you what the Father has promised. Stay in the city then, until you are clothed with the power from on high.’
Then he took them out as far as the outskirts of Bethany, and lifting up his hands he blessed them. Now as he blessed them, he withdrew from them and was carried up to heaven. They worshipped him and then went back to Jerusalem full of joy; and they were continually in the Temple praising God.
(Luke 24:46–53)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- The Gospel of Luke opens with Zechariah praying in the temple and closes with the disciples praying in the temple. The temple plays a critical role in Luke’s account of Jesus' public life.
- Although the New Testament frequently mentions Jesus’ ascension to the Father (Mark 16:19; John 6:62; John 20:17, Ephesians 4:8–10), only Luke describes the event itself, both in his gospel and in the Acts of the Apostles.
- Bethany is a small town close to Jerusalem, just over the Mount of Olives. It was the hometown of Mary, Martha and Lazarus.
- The nine days between the ascension and Pentecost that the disciples spent praying together gave rise to the ‘novena’—a devotional practice of praying in a focused way for a special intention over nine consecutive days.
Exploring the Word
The disciples' reaction to Jesus' absence after his ascension starkly contrasts their reaction to him leaving at his death. After his death on the cross, they shut themselves in an upper room in fear. Now, they worship him and rejoice in the temple. Clearly, after Jesus' ascension, the disciples did not lost the sense that Jesus was still present among them. Something has changed. Jesus' return to God opens the way to glory for all who believe, and this is the source of their joy. He is beyond their sight yet truly with them, and he has repeated his promise to send the help they will need to undertake their mission in the world. These final verses of the Gospel of Luke introduce what will become the story of his second volume, the Acts of the Apostles: ‘Repentance for the forgiveness of sins will be preached to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem.’ Acts describes how the Gospel is taken to all the nations—which is a story that continues to this day.
- In what ways are you just like the disciples—beginning a new journey in the world?
- In what ways is the Gospel still being taken to the ends of the earth?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- What has the Father promised to you?
- How have you felt since you ‘were clothed with power from on high’ at the Easter ceremonies?
- ‘You are witnesses to this.’ Try defining what you are called to witness. In what ways can you attest to the truth of that?
- This gospel describes the closing of one era and the opening of another. What experiences in your life involved once chapter closing and another opening? Share your stories.
- Live joyfully this week. Try to bring joy to others. Practice continually praising God in all your small actions throughout your day.
- Today’s entrance antiphon is suitable as a prayer for this week:
You kingdoms of the earth, sing to God;
praise the Lord who ascends to the highest heavens;
his majesty and might are in the skies, alleluia.
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
The celebration of the Ascension on a specific day developed near Antioch in approximately AD 380. Chapter 1 of the Acts of the Apostles notes that Jesus appeared among his disciples for forty days after the resurrection (Acts 1:3). The chapter then describes how Jesus was taken up into heaven (Acts 1:9). The juxtaposition of these two verses probably prompted this feast to be celebrated forty days after Easter.
- Be sure to stress the essential unity of this feast within the Lent–Easter–Pentecost cycle.
- You could discuss the rich symbolism of the number forty in biblical literature and cite some examples.
Forty days after Easter falls on a Thursday. In the past, this feast was known as ‘Ascension Thursday’, and it was a holy day of obligation. More recently, the celebration has been moved to the Sunday before Pentecost.
- You could discuss the holy days of obligation and what they mean in the tradition of the Church.
- There may be other obligations of the faith that the newly baptised have not yet encountered. Ensure that they are equipped to transition from the RCIA program and into full participation in the Church.
Symbols and images
The Gospel of Luke is sometimes known as ‘the gospel of joy’. Joyfulness and rejoicing are constant motifs of, and familiar reactions to, the revelation of Jesus as the Christ. The extent to which we live in union with Christ allows us to pre-emptively participate in the joy of heaven that is promised to us.
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- How does your community ‘continually praise God’? Are there ways in which the newly baptised can participate in worship beyond Sunday Mass?
- Continue using the symbols of Easter and initiation. You could use the psalm of praise from today’s liturgy. Pray for each other. A suitable song could be Lord You Give the Great Commission (GA 313) or Take Christ to the World (GA 369). Conclude with the blessing in the RCIA at §97I.
Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
Jesus said to his disciples:
‘If anyone loves me he will keep my word,
and my Father will love him,
and we shall come to him and make our home with him.
Those who do not love me do not keep my words.
And my word is not my own:
it is the word of the one who sent me.
I have said these things to you while still with you;
but the Advocate, the Holy Spirit,
whom the Father will send in my name,
will teach you everything
and remind you of all I have said to you.
Peace I bequeath to you, my own peace I give you,
a peace the world cannot give,
this is my gift to you.
Do not let your hearts be troubled or afraid.
You heard me say: I am going away, and shall return.
If you loved me you would have been glad to know that I am going to the Father,
for the Father is greater than I.
I have told you this now before it happens,
so that when it does happen you may believe.’
(John 14:23–29)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- The word 'advocate' means ‘one who is summoned to help another’.
- Another term commonly used for the Holy Spirit is Paraclete, which is derived from a Greek term meaning ‘called to the side of’; it thus has the same meaning as advocate.
- In the Hebrew Scriptures, peace was a distinguishing mark of the time of the Messiah—a time when swords would be made into ploughshares (Isaiah 2:4) and the wolf would live with the lamb (Isaiah 11:6). Jesus’ gift of peace confirms that he is the longed-for Messiah.
Exploring the Word
Jesus has alluded to the fact that he will leave and one day return. In the meantime, the disciples—the community to whom John is writing his gospel—are living in the ‘in-between times’. Jesus has come once in the flesh and has promised to return at the end of the world, so his instruction in the text is a continuation of his teaching regarding how disciples should live their faith in Jesus’ absence: they must keep his word, the word of God. ‘And the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us’ (John 1:14).
They will not be alone in this task, as Jesus has promised to send the Advocate, or the Holy Spirit, who will continue unfolding the word as the Church grows and meets new situations and challenges.
- You could explore the first reading from Acts, which highlights one such situation.
- In conferring the gift of peace on his disciples, Jesus is preparing them for his departure and absence. This will be a trial for the disciples; however, the peace of Christ and the Holy Spirit will help them understand his return to the Father, as well as reassure them that they, too, will one day make that journey.
- How do you cope with the ‘absence’ of Jesus? How do you experience Christ’s presence?
- How do you experience the Holy Spirit in your life?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- ‘Do not let your hearts be troubled or afraid.’ What aspects of life frighten you?
- How do you experience the ‘peace the world cannot give’?
- Reflect on a period in your life when you were anxious, troubled or afraid. How did the situation resolve itself? How did you experience a sense of peace after the turmoil? Share your reflections with others.
- This week, try to stand up for someone who might need a defender. Take on the role of an advocate. Alternatively, you could try bringing the gift of peace to someone whose heart is troubled or afraid.
- This week, use today’s prayer after Communion:
Almighty and ever living God,
who restore us to eternal life in the Resurrection of Christ,
increase in us we pray, the fruits of the paschal Sacrament
and pour into our hearts the strength of this saving food.
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
The situation of the Church has changed frequently throughout its 2,000-year history. The beginning witnessed periods of persecution and violence; these gave way to a settled period and gradual growth. The Church has enjoyed times of strong political support and even political power, as well as times of threat and decline. It has also engaged in war to safeguard its position of dominance, and it has distanced itself from political power at other times. The ebbs and flows of how the Church understands itself and its role in the world are fascinating.
- Explore how the Church's role has changed over the centuries. Can you identify times when the Holy Spirit's guidance could have been sought more effectively? Can you identify times when the Holy Spirit's guidance led the Church in new ways?
- You could discuss the Second Vatican Council and the Church’s self-understanding as articulated in the council's documents.
- The Second Vatican described how God, who spoke in the past, ‘continues to converse’ with the Church (Dei Verbum §8). Through the Plenary Council in 2021, the Catholic Church in Australia has sought to enter more intensely that Divine–human dialogue. What are the challenges that the Church faces today, and where do you think the Holy Spirit's guidance is needed now?
- Reflect on the leadership of Pope Francis. In what direction is he leading his flock? How should we follow?
Symbols and images
In the gospels, Jesus promises many times to send the Holy Spirit to guide and help his followers after his ascension. What do you think is the Holy Spirit's role in the life of the Church and in your own life today?
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- In what ways does your community seek to discern the Holy Spirit's guidance? For example, does your community discern guidance in the reflections of a pastoral council? Are there ways for the newly baptised to become involved in this discernment?
- Continue using the Easter and initiation symbols as a focus for prayer. Pray for the Church of which you are now a member. Pray for its leaders and guides. You could sing an Easter song or a song of the Holy Spirit. Conclude with an adapted prayer for the laying on of hands in the RCIA at §301.
Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
When Judas had gone Jesus said:
‘Now has the Son of Man been glorified,
and in him God has been glorified.
If God has been glorified in him,
God will in turn glorify him in himself,
and will glorify him very soon.
‘My little children,
I shall not be with you much longer.
You will look for me,
and, as I told the Jews,
where I am going,
you cannot come.
I give you a new commandment:
love one another;
just as I have loved you,
you also must love one another.
By this love you have for one another,
everyone will know that you are my disciples.’
(John 13:31–35)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- Jesus often used the title ‘Son of Man’ in the gospels to describe himself.
- In the Gospel of John, when Jesus speaks of being glorified or exalted, he is referring to his death on the cross. For John, this is the moment of Jesus' supreme triumph.
- This text originates from a section of the Gospel of John known as the Farewell Discourse, which Jesus delivers to his friends just before his arrest. At this point, Judas has already left to betray him.
Exploring the Word
The Gospel of John is often divided into two sections: the Book of Signs, which details Jesus' public ministry of bringing people to faith, and the Book of Glory, which outlines the events preceding his death and resurrection. One part of that concluding section of the gospel describes the events of Jesus' final night with his followers. It is now too late for those who did not recognise that Jesus is the Messiah. He closets himself with those who do believe and provides them extended instructions regarding how they must continue his mission after he is gone. Both today’s reading and next week’s gospel come from this section of the text.
Jesus is not just telling his disciples that they must love each other, but also that they must love as he has loved. This instruction extends beyond the commandment that Jews already knew about loving one’s neighbour as oneself. Jesus' love was a total, self-giving and selfless love that led to his death on the cross—and to his glorification. This is the love that reveals the love of God, who is love. This new and difficult love is the true mark of a Christian in a truly Christian community.
- How do you understand this commandment to love as Jesus loved?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- How will people know that you are a disciple of Jesus?
- In what ways do you glorify God?
- How do you show love for others?
- There are times when it is easy and difficult to love. Share an experience in which you were loved beyond what you expected or even deserved. Share an occasion in which you were called to continue loving, even though it was difficult.
- Can you accept the challenge and act with love towards all people you encounter this week?
- The Easter season is one of praise and glorification. Use the Gloria as your prayer this week:
Glory to God in the highest,
and on earth peace to people of good will.
We praise you,
we bless you,
we adore you,
we glorify you,
we give you thanks for your great glory,
Lord God, heavenly King,
O God, almighty Father.
Lord Jesus Christ, only Begotten Son,
Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father
you take away the sins of the world,
have mercy on us;
you take away the sins of the world,
receive our prayer;
you are seated at the right hand of the Father,
have mercy on us.
For you alone are the Holy One,
you alone are the Lord,
you alone are the Most High,
Jesus Christ,
with the Holy Spirit,
in the glory of God the Father.
Amen.
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
‘Ever since St Augustine, the Ten Commandments have occupied a predominant place in the catechesis of baptismal candidates and the faithful’ (CCC §2065). The Ten Commandments outline how people can live in right relationship with both God (the first three) and their neighbours (the remaining seven). They cover all aspects of living in fidelity to God's love for God’s people.
- Explore how the Ten Commandments can be applied to our own society and interpreted to guide our lives today.
The new commandment of Jesus—to love one another as he loved—takes living in right relationship a step further.
- Explore the nature of loving as Jesus loved.
- You could discuss examples of people who have displayed this kind of selfless love, such as Damien of Molokai and Dietrich Bonhoeffer.
Symbols and images
The new commandment to love one another has become the defining principle and sign of discipleship. This love for each other sets believers apart from the rest of the community, and it is through love for one another that people will know that they are followers of Jesus. However, following this commandment is much more difficult than it sounds! The greatest challenge is to act with love towards those whom we find it difficult to like!
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- How do your community members show love for one another? How does your community give public witness to discipleship? How may the broader community see this love and discipleship in the way people treat each other and in the love they display?
- Continue using the symbols of Easter and initiation as a focus for prayer. Pray for strength for each other to live as Christ lived and to love as he loved. You could also recite the Creed together. Conclude with an Easter song, or perhaps I Have Loved You (GA 402).
Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
Jesus said:
‘The sheep that belong to me listen to my voice;
I know them and they follow me.
I give them eternal life;
they will never be lost
and no one will ever steal them from me.
The Father who gave them to me is greater than anyone,
and no one can steal from the Father.
The Father and I are one.’
(John 10:27–30)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- 'Pastor' is the Latin word for 'shepherd'. From this word, we have derived many terms used in the Church for people with a special role: pastor or priest, pastoral care, pastoral associate, pastoral council. These roles always imply a duty of love and care towards those for whom one is responsible.
- The shepherd king was an ancient image of God that the Hebrew people used.
- In this gospel text, John addresses one issue that confronted his community: the heretical voices of those who sought to lead people away from—rather than towards—God.
Exploring the Word
This text in the Gospel of John is set in Jerusalem, while Jesus is there for the Feast of Dedication (John 10:22)—a feast celebrating God's presence in the temple. For Israel, the temple was more than just a building; It was a visible place where God resided in the hearts of his people. To go to the temple and worship was to ‘approach God’. Jesus teaches something completely new in this text. He stands within the temple precinct and declares that only through him and through hearing his voice can people come to the Father. The voice of Jesus is both seen and heard in the events of his life, death and resurrection. It is through all these events that God's ways are made known to us.
- How do you ‘hear the voice’ of Jesus?
- What are some of the conflicting voices that we hear in our world? Which voices are the loudest? Where do these voices lead us?
- What sense do you have of being called by name? How do you experience God’s constant care for you?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- Which aspects of the Church and your community make you feel like you belong?
- Jesus' words are spoken with the utmost confidence in their truth! How confident are you in terms of knowing Jesus and knowing that he will give you eternal life?
- What could ‘steal you away’ from listening to the voice of Jesus?
- In your life, how are you called to act as a ‘shepherd’—as a leader, provider and protector?
- Who are the people who act as a shepherd to you? In what ways do they fulfil this role for you?
- Attend carefully to the needs of those who are in your care this week.
- Use today’s psalm as your prayer this week:
Cry out with joy to the Lord, all the earth.
Serve the Lord with gladness.
Come before him singing for joy.
We are his people, the sheep of his flock.
Know that he, the Lord, is God.
He made us, we belong to him.
We are his people, the sheep of his flock.
Indeed how good is the Lord,
eternal his merciful love.
He is faithful from age to age.
We are his people, the sheep of his flock.
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
It has now been a few weeks since the newly baptised were initiated. Return again to the events of the Easter Vigil and explore the symbolism of some of the service, especially the anointing and the presentation of the candle.
- You could trace the links between the oil and chrism ‘of salvation’ (RCIA, §§291, 295) and the gospel reading for today. Where is salvation found?
- In what ways is Christ ‘priest, prophet and king’? How are we called to be these as well?
- How can we help the newly baptised keep alight the ‘flame of faith’ so they can ‘walk always as children of the light’ (RCIA, §297)?
- What support should we offer each other in our continued journeys of faith?
Symbols and images
The care that a shepherd showed for his flock remains a powerful image in the Church, despite its origins in an ancient agricultural society. In our country, with its vast paddocks and endless fences, the work of a true shepherd has lost some of its meaning. However, the intimacy and tenderness of the image still remind us about the closeness of Christ in his relationship with all who believe in him.
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- Who are the people of the ‘flock’ that make up your own community? What characteristics does your community have? Do the newly baptised have special gifts or talents that can be used to minister to specific members of your community?
- Continue using the Easter and initiation symbols in your prayer. You could use a simple anointing ritual to strengthen the newly baptised in their continued growth. Pray for each other, for all the sheep of the flock and for those who shepherd them. Conclude with an Easter song.
Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
Jesus showed himself again to the disciples. It was by the Sea of Tiberias, and it happened like this: Simon Peter, Thomas called the Twin, Nathanael from Cana in Galilee, the sons of Zebedee and two more of his disciples were together. Simon Peter said, ‘I’m going fishing.’ They replied, ‘We’ll come with you.’ They went out and got into the boat but caught nothing that night.
It was light by now and there stood Jesus on the shore, though the disciples did not realise that it was Jesus. Jesus called out, ‘Have you caught anything, friends?’ And when they answered, ‘No’, he said, ‘Throw the net out to starboard and you’ll find something.’ So they dropped the net, and there were so many fish that they could not haul it in. The disciple Jesus loved said to Peter, ‘It is the Lord.’ At these words ‘It is the Lord’, Simon Peter, who had practically nothing on, wrapped his cloak round him and jumped into the water. The other disciples came on in the boat, towing the net and the fish; they were only about a hundred yards from land.
As soon as they came ashore they saw that there was some bread there, and a charcoal fire with fish cooking on it. Jesus said, ‘Bring some of the fish you have just caught.’ Simon Peter went aboard and dragged the net to the shore, full of big fish, one hundred and fifty-three of them; and in spite of there being so many the net was not broken. Jesus said to them, ‘Come and have breakfast.’ None of the disciples was bold enough to ask, ‘Who are you?’; they knew quite well it was the Lord. Jesus then stepped forward, took the bread and gave it to them, and the same with the fish. This was the third time that Jesus showed himself to the disciples after rising from the dead.
After the meal Jesus said to Simon Peter, ‘Simon son of John, do you love me more than these others do?’ He answered, ‘Yes Lord, you know I love you.’ Jesus said to him, ‘Feed my lambs.’ A second time he said to him, ‘Simon son of John, do you love me?’ He replied, ‘Yes, Lord, you know I love you.’ Jesus said to him, ‘Look after my sheep.’ Then he said to him a third time, ‘Simon son of John, do you love me?’ Peter was upset that he asked him the third time, ‘Do you love me?’ and said, ‘Lord, you know everything; you know I love you.’ Jesus said to him, ‘Feed my sheep.
‘I tell you most solemnly,
when you were young
you put on your own belt
and walked where you liked;
but when you grow old
you will stretch out your hands,
and somebody else will put a belt round you
and take you where you would rather not go.’
In these words he indicated the kind of death by which Peter would give glory to God. After this he said, ‘Follow me.’
(John 21:1–19)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- The Sea of Galilee is also known as the Sea of Tiberias.
- Jesus’ triple repetition of his question to Peter, ‘Do you love me?’, echoes Peter's three denials of Jesus on the morning of his execution.
- The Greek word for 'fish', icthus, is an acronym of the Greek words for ‘Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour’. The fish was an early symbol that Christians used to denote Christ.
- Jesus' appearance to the disciples in last week’s gospel occurred in the upper room in Jerusalem, where they had celebrated the Passover feast. In the current text, the disciples have returned to Galilee in the north of Israel.
- Early tradition posits that Peter died by being crucified upside down in Rome.
Exploring the Word
This long gospel text has three movements: the extraordinary catch of fish; the meal on the shore, with obvious eucharistic overtones; and the dialogue with Peter, which contains his commission as leader of the flock.
The great haul of various fish symbolises that the Good News of the Gospel will take root in many nations and draw many converts—but only with the Lord's help. Alone, the disciples were unsuccessful!
- What can you achieve now that you have the Lord with you?
- The open-air meal symbolises how Jesus still nourishes his disciples, and it evokes the many meals that Jesus shared with his followers. In what ways does the Eucharist continue to nourish those who follow the risen Lord?
Jesus’ dialogue with Peter establishes that love is the basis from which a genuine Christian ministry of service springs. Along with other gospel texts, this passage reinforces the role given to Peter as the future leader of the flock; he is the one entrusted with the task of caring for the sheep after the Good Shepherd has gone.
- ‘Do you love me?’ How would you answer Jesus’ question?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- ‘It is the Lord.’ What moments of joyful recognition have you experienced in the last two weeks?
- Peter literally ‘went overboard’ in his effort to reach the risen Lord. Share your recollections of times when you have reacted with extreme enthusiasm to something.
- Do you now have a role in leading others to Christ? If so, how can you fulfil the role this week?
- Pray these words with Peter this week:
Lord, you know everything,
you know that I love you.
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
The period between Easter and Pentecost is a time of mystagogy—a time for pondering and coming to more deeply understand the experiences of initiation, as well as a time for catechesis on the sacraments.
- Discuss some of the sacramental overtones contained in this text, such as the eucharistic meal and Peter’s diving into the waters to come to Christ.
Peter's role as leader of the community of believers has been handed down in succession to the popes.
- You could discuss the role of the papacy and the structure of church leadership; pay close attention to the ways in which leadership might be viewed as a ministry of service that is based on love.
Symbols and images
The boat is an ancient image for the Church. The enormous catch of fish symbolises the success that the disciples will have in becoming ‘fishers of men’, and in leading people to believe in the risen Christ. The reason for the precise number of 153 fish caught remains a mystery.
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- How does your community leader exercise his ministry of service to the parish? Who helps the priest in roles of service to others? You could invite some of the people involved to share their reflections on service with the newly baptised. Explore how they will exercise a ministry of service to others. Involve them in the work of the ministries available in your community.
- Continue using the symbols of Easter and initiation as a focus for prayer. Pray for each other as you deepen your understanding of your faith. You could recite the Creed together. Conclude with an Easter song.
Gospel
Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.
In the evening of that same day, the first day of the week, the doors were closed in the room where the disciples were, for fear of the Jews. Jesus came and stood among them. He said to them, ‘Peace be with you’, and showed them his hands and his side. The disciples were filled with joy when they saw the Lord, and he said to them again, ‘Peace be with you.
‘As the Father sent me,
so am I sending you.’
After saying this he breathed on them and said:
‘Receive the Holy Spirit.
For those whose sins you forgive,
they are forgiven;
for those whose sins you retain,
they are retained.’
Thomas, called the Twin, who was one of the Twelve, was not with them when Jesus came. When the disciples said, ‘We have seen the Lord’, he answered, ‘Unless I see the holes that the nails made in his hands and can put my finger into the holes they made, and unless I can put my hand into his side, I refuse to believe.’ Eight days later the disciples were in the house again and Thomas was with them. The doors were closed, but Jesus came in and stood among them. ‘Peace be with you’ he said. Then he spoke to Thomas, ‘Put your finger here; look, here are my hands. Give me your hand; put it into my side. Doubt no longer but believe.’ Thomas replied, ‘My Lord and my God!’ Jesus said to him:
‘You believe because you can see me.
Happy are those who have not seen and yet believe.’
There were many other signs that Jesus worked and the disciples saw, but they are not recorded in this book. These are recorded so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing this you may have life through his name.
(John 20:19–31)
Did you know?
Points of interest and Catholic lore
- The period from Easter to Pentecost is known as the Great Fifty Days, and it is an integral part of the Lent–Easter–Pentecost cycle.
- One ancient tradition posits that Thomas preached the Gospel as far east as India.
- The next few weeks will feature readings from the Gospel of John, the last of the written canonical gospels. Although the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark and Luke) are read through the normal three-year cycle, the Gospel of John is featured in specific seasons throughout the normal cycle.
Exploring the Word
This gospel is one of transformation. Locked in their upper room and huddled together, the disciples' fear is transformed by Jesus' gift of peace and the Spirit he gives to strengthen them on their journeys. Thomas's doubt is transformed by his encounter with the risen Lord. However, with this transformation comes responsibility. Just as Jesus was sent by the Father, so too are the disciples sent into the world to act as Jesus did.
- You could discuss the concluding rite of the liturgy and how we are sent into the world to continue Christ’s mission. What does this call to action mean in reality?
When Thomas's companions tell him that they have seen Jesus, he places conditions on his own faith. He will not believe unless he sees and touches Jesus. Jesus must fulfil Thomas's expectations!
- Are there times when we expect God to act according to our wishes instead of being open to encountering the risen Christ in unexpected ways?
- What does the peace of Christ mean to believers today?
- How does the world need the peace of Christ today?
Making connections
Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer
- ‘The disciples were filled with joy when they saw the Lord.’ What have been your feelings since the events of last week?
- ‘Happy are those who have not seen and yet believe.’ This is addressed to you! How will you nourish your belief in the future?
- Share doubts that you have experienced in your life—times when you doubted the love of another or doubted your own abilities. What drove your doubt away?
- Identify ways in which a simple gesture of touch can convey friendship, compassion or support this week.
- Repeat Thomas’s acclamation of faith this week:
‘My Lord and my God.’
Sharing the tradition
A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ
‘Those whose sins you forgive, they are forgiven. Those whose sins you retain, they are retained.’ Jesus’ disciples must continue the work of reconciling all people to God. His power to forgive sins is conferred on the Church. God’s forgiveness becomes available to us through baptism—but human beings do not lose their tendency to sin simply because they are baptised. The sacrament of reconciliation exists to help the faithful acknowledge human sinfulness and seek God's forgiveness and reconciliation.
- Review the Rites of Reconciliation. The Catechism of the Catholic Church offers ample material to explore this sacrament.
- Ensure that the newly baptised know what they must do and say when they receive the sacrament of reconciliation.
- Discuss the value of privately reflecting on our human failings and weaknesses. Through a greater awareness of our sinfulness, we open ourselves to God’s mercy and love.
Symbols and images
It is when Thomas is given the opportunity to touch Jesus that he professes his faith. Touch goes beyond verifying physical presence; it can be an act of support or compassion, as well as provide healing and comfort.
Living the Word
Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment
- How and when is the sacrament of reconciliation celebrated in your community? Perhaps the newly baptised may need to become familiar with the form of reconciliation. One idea is to arrange a special celebration for the newly baptised, their sponsors and other key community members on the first occasion that they receive this sacrament. Celebrate this moment together!
- Use the Easter symbol of the paschal candle and the symbols of initiation—oil and water—as a focus for prayer. Pray for each other and for the peace of Christ. You could use adaptations of the prayers used in initiation. Conclude with an Easter song.
Presider
On this Easter Day, our hearts are full of gladness and hope. We confidently entrust our prayers of petition to God.
Reader
We pray for Pope Francis and all bishops and priests of our Church. May the Spirit guide them as they spread the Easter message throughout the world.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for all Church agencies and outreach programs. May their efforts be stimulated by the generosity of all who have contributed to Project Compassion.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
In recognition of Anzac Day this week, we pray for all women and men from Australia and New Zealand who lost their lives in the battles of the First World War. We pray for all who have fought on battlefields since then, especially those who are engaged in various battles around the world today.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for our faith community, especially those who were received into the Church this week. May the graces we have received during this Easter season help and encourage us to grow in the knowledge and love of our Lord and Saviour.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for …
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for the sick of our parish and for all who have asked for our prayers.
We pray for those who have died recently and for those whose anniversaries occur at this time. May they be raised to be with the risen Lord.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
Presider
God of life, hear these prayers of intercession. Let your mercy flow abundantly onto all who are in need. We make our prayers through Christ, the risen Lord.
Amen.
Presider
United with Christ in this Holy Week, we call out to God for harmony, reconciliation and healing of the world’s wounds.
Reader
We pray for Pope Francis and all Church leaders. May they be inspired by the example of the Suffering Servant in their mission to call Christians to a sense of service to others.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for Project Compassion and the work of Caritas. May our contributions help lighten the load of communities who are struggling to make their way in the world.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for all who will be received into our Church this Easter. May they be supported and encouraged as they respond to the Christian call to worship and service.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for our faith community as we journey with Jesus through his passion and death. May we all more deeply understand and accept what these events mean to us.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for …
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray that all who are sick and suffering may be healed.
We pray for those who have died recently and for those whose anniversaries occur at this time. May they be raised in Christ to the eternal life he has promised.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
Presider
God of mercy and compassion, speak to those whose needs we entrust to you today. We pray this through Jesus Christ, who lives and reigns forever.
Amen.
Presider
God’s power was manifested in all that Jesus said and did. Through Jesus’ Spirit, we open our hearts in prayer.
Reader
We pray for our Church. Under the leadership of Pope Francis, may it model Jesus’ wisdom, mercy and love in our troubled world.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for all government officials. May their service always be grounded in the ideals of justice and the common good.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray with and for the catechumens and candidates of our parish and diocese. As they come closer to the Easter sacraments, may they experience peace and healing.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for our faith community. May we recognise our own sinfulness so that we respond with mercy and kindness to others.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for …
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
We pray for all who are sick in our parish and for all who have asked for our prayers.
We pray for those who have died recently and for those whose anniversaries we remember at this time. May God welcome them into the eternal kingdom.
Lord, hear us.
Lord, hear our prayer.
Presider
Merciful Father, hear the prayers of your children gathered here today. May your saving grace reach out to all for whom we pray. We ask this through Christ, our Lord.
Amen.
