Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

Great crowds accompanied Jesus on his way and he turned and spoke to them. ‘If any man comes to me without hating his father, mother, wife, children, brothers, sisters, yes and his own life too, he cannot be my disciple. Anyone who does not carry his cross and come after me cannot be my disciple.

‘And indeed, which of you here, intending to build a tower, would not first sit down and work out the cost to see if he had enough to complete it? Otherwise, if he laid the foundation and then found himself unable to finish the work, the onlookers would all start making fun of him and saying, “Here is a man who started to build and was unable to finish.” Or again, what king marching to war against another king would not first sit down and consider whether with ten thousand men he could stand up to the other who advanced against him with twenty thousand? If not, then while the other king was still a long way off, he would send envoys to sue for peace. So in the same way, none of you can be my disciple unless he gives up all his possessions.’

(Luke 14:25–33) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• The term ‘hate’ in this text should not be taken to mean literal hatred; it is more of an attitude towards anything that may hinder the single mindedness needed answer the call to discipleship.
• The Greek word ekklesia is used to describe the Church, and it means being called out from, or apart from, others. In today’s text, Jesus’ words suggest this understanding.
• A recurrent theme in the Gospel of Luke is that obsessive attachment to money or material wealth hinders a full and complete relationship with God. It distracts people from what is truly important in their lives.

Exploring the Word 

Being a disciple of Jesus involves radical choices! You must be single minded in your commitment to Christ and ensure that nothing else takes precedence over him. The use of the word ‘hate’ in this passage is difficult to understand. Is Jesus calling his disciples to ‘hate’ those who love us? Surely, we glimpse something of the love of God through human love. The problem may stem from the Semitic languages, which lack some of the subtleties of modern idioms. In Hebrew, ‘to hate’ is the opposite of ‘to prefer’. In this text, Jesus is saying that we must prefer to seek God rather than earthly love or relationships. It is our relationship with God that is of utmost value. Furthermore, discipleship comes at a cost—and the cost is the cross. We must be prepared to go the whole way and not leave the task half done. Just as Jesus responded totally to the call of the Father, we too must respond totally to the call to follow him.

• How might prioritising Christ change your relationships with others?
• Will choosing to follow Jesus cause difficulties in your relationships with family and friends? How will you navigate these difficulties?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• What has your decision to follow Jesus cost you?
• Are there times when you feel that you may be unable to ‘finish the work’? What is hindering your progress in your journey?
• How well do you plan ahead for your life in eternity? 
• Are there ‘crosses’ that you carry?
• Have you ever made a great personal sacrifice for another, or do you know of someone who has? Share your story. Many people ‘carry their cross’ daily; you could listen to their stories and explore some of the burdens that they bear. How do they cope? In what ways do you find this inspirational?
• Do something that ‘costs’ you this week. Identify someone who has a cross to carry and try helping them shoulder that burden, even in a small way.
• Use today’s gospel acclamation as your prayer this week:
  Let your face shine on your servant,
  and teach me your laws.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

‘So, in the same way, none of you can be my disciple unless he gives up all his possessions.’ Jesus’ words are best understood as a readiness to renounce worldly wealth if it hinders us from following his way. His words imply the need for an attitude of detachment from worldly things. Those who take special vows to religious life within the Church have a strong tradition of completely renouncing personal belongings; however, all believers are invited to ponder the meaning of Christ’s words and our response to them.

The Church teaches that the earth and its riches belong to all people. No one has an intrinsic right to more of the earth’s goods than another. At the same time, everyone has the right to own property, to guarantee their personal freedom and dignity and to provide for their needs. We must manage the inherent tension between meeting our own material needs and the needs of all other people on earth. Our attitudes to our own property must be governed by moderation, concern for justice and a sense of solidarity with those who have less (see the Catechism of the Catholic Church, §§2426–2463).

• How difficult do you find controlling your desire to ‘have’ more rather than to ‘be’ more?
• What possessions mean the most to you? Why?

Symbols and images 

The cross is the central symbol for all Christians. For the Romans, it was an instrument of torture and disgraceful death. Despite its association with shame and disgrace, the cross remains the greatest symbol of hope and vindication for followers of Jesus. It was through his death on a cross that Jesus triumphed over death itself.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• What programs does your community embrace that allow people to share their resources with those in need? You could discuss church agencies such as Caritas or St Vincent de Paul and explore how catechumens can support their work.
• Use a cross as the focus for prayer. Pray for each other as you come to understand the call to discipleship. Use the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94E. A suitable song could be The Summons (GA 502).

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

On a sabbath day Jesus had gone for a meal to the house of one of the leading Pharisees; and they watched him closely. He then told the guests a parable, because he had noticed how they picked the places of honour. He said this, ‘When someone invites you to a wedding feast, do not take your seat in the place of honour. A more distinguished person than you may have been invited, and the person who invited you both may come and say, “Give up your place to this man.” And then, to your embarrassment, you would have to go and take the lowest place. No; when you are a guest, make your way to the lowest place and sit there, so that, when your host comes, he may say, “My friend, move up higher.” In that way, everyone with you at the table will see you honoured. For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and the man who humbles himself will be exalted.’

Then he said to his host, ‘When you give a lunch or a dinner, do not ask your friends, brothers, relations or rich neighbours, for fear they repay your courtesy by inviting you in return. No; when you have a party, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind; that they cannot pay you back means that you are fortunate, because repayment will be made to you when the virtuous rise again.’

(Luke 14:1,7–14) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• As we have noted before, the wedding feast—a time of joyous celebration and abundance—is a traditional image in Scripture that symbolises the kingdom of God.
• During Jesus’ time, society was organised according to strict hierarchical lines. People were sensitive about their status in society and about how they were treated as a result.
• The Pharisees were one of several groups within Jewish society. They were especially observant of the law, as well as influential in society.

Exploring the Word 

The Gospel of Luke describes how Jesus often shared meals with people who were not considered appropriate table companions at that time and in that culture—such as publicans, tax collectors, sinners and women of dubious reputation. In the meal described in today’s text, Jesus reveals more about the radical reversal that is characteristic of God’s way. He challenges how the Pharisees perceive their own standing in society as a people of status; he urges them to instead take the humbler positions at table and to allow the host, or God, to choose those who should be exalted. He also shatters the Pharisees’ idea of table fellowship by urging them to share their festive table with those who are the least important, or those who were societal outcasts. The way to God cannot be organised according to human priority! It is in the ultimate humiliation of crucifixion that Jesus is exalted in resurrection and ascension.

• How does this text challenge society today? How does it challenge the Church, which sometimes may exclude people of ‘inappropriate status’ from the eucharistic table?
• Who are treated as the ‘least important’ in our modern world? Who are treated as the ‘most important’? Do we need to offer a critique of this?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• Do you appreciate all things while expecting nothing?
• What does honour mean to you?
• How do you repay acts of kindness done to you?
• Share a story about an embarrassing moment you have experienced (and enjoy the humour of hindsight)!
• Offer table fellowship and share a meal with someone who would appreciate your company this week.
• Use today’s collect as your prayer this week:
  God of might, giver of every good gift,
  put into our hearts the love of your name,
  so that, by deepening our sense of reverence,
  you may nurture in us what is good
  and, by your watchful care, keep safe what you have nurtured.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

Just as Jesus challenged the social norms and leadership of his day, the Church continues to challenge society in the present day. The social teaching of the Church is often called its best-kept secret! In the modern period, the great landmark document Rerum Novarum, issued in 1891 by Pope Leo XIII, marked the beginning of what has become a long and illuminating tradition for the Catholic Church. Successive popes have added to this tradition of offering a critique of social, political and economic structures through the lens of the Gospel.

• The Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church is an excellent resource on Catholic social teaching. Explore together some of the themes that this book discusses.
• You could explore Pope Francis’s social encyclical on environmental concern, Laudato si’. This is a highly readable and practical document. Discuss how its ideas can be implemented in your community or in people’s lives and homes.

The Australian Catholic Bishops’ Conference has nominated several Sundays throughout the year to focus on and raise awareness about marginalised groups and people in our society, such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Sunday and Refugee and Migrant Sunday. They have also nominated Sundays to focus on issues of importance to all, such as Social Justice Sunday.

• Explore some of the Australian Catholic Bishops’ recent statements that challenge our present-day society. The Australian Bishops’ Conference website is an effective source for local material.

Symbols and images 

The Gospel of Luke often portrays Jesus at table and sharing a meal. Meals play a significant role in human interaction and celebration. In today’s text, Jesus challenges both the conventions of his society and the understanding of who should be considered ‘important’ and be given the highest place. That is, he invites the Pharisees—and us—to consider the poorest and most in need as our table companions, just as he did.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• How does your community welcome those who are ‘the least’ in our society? Can table fellowship be made more welcoming and accepting in your community practice of the Eucharist?
• Try a meal (or morning tea) setting for prayer. Pray for those in your family with whom you share your table. Pray for each other as you gather here. A suitable song could be Come to the Feast (GA 400). Conclude with the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94K.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

Through towns and villages Jesus went teaching, making his way to Jerusalem. Someone said to him, ‘Sir, will there be only a few saved?’ He said to them, ‘Try your best to enter by the narrow door, because, I tell you, many will try to enter and will not succeed.

‘Once the master of the house has got up and locked the door, you may find yourself knocking on the door, saying, “Lord, open to us” but he will answer, “I do not know where you come from.” Then you will find yourself saying, “We once ate and drank in your company; you taught in our streets” but he will reply, “I do not know where you come from. Away from me, all you wicked men!”

‘Then there will be weeping and grinding of teeth, when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, and yourselves turned outside. And men from east and west, from north and south, will come to take their places at the feast in the kingdom of God.

‘Yes, there are those now last who will be first, and those now first who will be last.’

(Luke 13:22–30) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• The community for whom Luke wrote his gospel mostly comprised Gentiles (non-Jews). These are the people from the ‘east and west, north and south’ who have taken places at the feast because they came to have faith in the risen Christ.
• This text is about the universality of God’s love and the redemption he offers. His love and redemption are not limited to a specific group or nationality; they are open to all who respond positively.
• Some Christian denominations express an exclusive perspective of salvation and believe that only ‘a few’ will be saved. This is not the case with the Catholic Church, which perceives the salvation that Christ offers as inclusive—as open to all who come to faith.
• In the Gospel of John, Jesus refers to himself as the ‘gate’ through which people must come to be saved.

Exploring the Word 

As the chosen people, the Jews believed that they were in a privileged relationship with God. In this text, Jesus shatters some illusions. There is no privileged or exclusive entry into the kingdom of God for those who consider themselves ‘religious insiders’. This idea is equally directed to the disciples. It is not enough that they have shared a meal with Jesus or have heard his word; they must respond to that word and act on it. They must enter by the narrow door, which requires great effort, or else those who believe they were ‘inside’ could find themselves ‘outside’, and ‘the outsiders’ will find a way ahead of them. This radical reversal of values and expectations would have shocked those who thought they were on the ‘inside’.

• Getting through a narrow door is difficult, and we may feel tempted to go around instead. Is there a narrow door in your life that you must go through rather than around?
• What does ‘those who are first will later be last’ mean?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• What does it mean to ‘enter by the narrow door’?
• Do you make the most of the opportunities you have to be close to Jesus through prayer, service and living simply?
• Discuss any experiences in which you may have been an ‘insider’ or ‘outsider’.
• Which people in our society are treated as ‘outsiders’?
• Have you ever defended an ‘outsider’? What was the result?
• Make choices to walk through the narrow door this week. Do not take the easy option, which requires so little effort. The more difficult option often yields the greater reward. Go out of your way to be of service to others. Make extra time for prayer and reflection. Put yourself last and others first.
• This week’s gospel acclamation from the Gospel of John makes a wonderful prayer:
  I am the way, the truth and the life, says the Lord;
  no one comes to the Father, except through me.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

‘Who will be saved?’ is a difficult question to answer. There is no doubt that God wants all people to be saved, and that Jesus died to save all people.

The Catechism of the Catholic Church states, ‘Believing in Jesus Christ and in the One who sent him for our salvation is necessary for that salvation’ (§161). This quotation prompts many questions and points for discussion, such as:

• What about people who have never heard of Jesus?
• What about babies who die before being baptised?
• What does it mean to be ‘saved’?
• From what did humankind need to be saved? From what does humankind need to be saved now?
• What happens to those who are not saved?
• How should we understand the concepts of heaven and hell?
• What role does human freedom play in salvation?
• What about good people who follow other religious traditions? For example, does this mean that the Dalai Lama or Gandhi will not be ‘saved’?

Some of the questions that may arise in response to the concept of having faith to be saved will not be easy to answer—but the conversation is important!

Symbols and images 

The feast or banquet is one of the most common images of the kingdom of God. A feast is not simply a meal; it is an abundant celebration of something wonderful from which people draw nourishment, life and vitality. Such is the kingdom of God.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• Think about the people around you—perhaps even in your family—who are the last to receive your attention, affection or support. Make them first this week.
• In what ways does your community try to make the ‘least’ the most important?
• Use the open Scriptures as a focus for prayer. Pray for those who are ‘least’. Pray for all people of good will. Pray that all people will come to know the salvation offered through Christ. A suitable song could be The Summons (GA 502). Conclude with the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94E.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

Jesus said to his disciples: ‘I have come to bring fire to the earth, and how I wish it were blazing already! There is a baptism I must still receive, and how great is my distress till it is over!

‘Do you suppose that I am here to bring peace on earth? No, I tell you, but rather division. For from now on a household of five will be divided: three against two and two against three; the father divided against the son, son against father, mother against daughter, daughter against mother, mother-in-law against daughter-in-law, daughter-in-law against mother-in-law.’

(Luke 12:49–53) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• This text depicts an image of Jesus that contrasts the gentle, compassionate image of popular belief. It is just one example of Jesus displaying human emotion and passion for his cause.
• Fire is one of the symbols of the Holy Spirit. At Pentecost, the Holy Spirit came to the disciples in the upper room in the form of tongues of flame.
• The baptism that Jesus is yet to experience is his death—his ‘baptism of fire’, or the persecution he will experience because of his commitment to fulfilling the will of the Father.

Exploring the Word 

This is a difficult text to read because it challenges our notions of what Jesus was like. The imagery of fire that Jesus uses has a long history in the Old Testament, which frequently mentions people passing through the fire of testing and judgment. John had prophesied about the one who would come bringing a baptism of fire and judgment—but it never occurred to him that the same one would be the first to undergo that baptism! Furthermore, the rare glimpse into Jesus’ mind reveals an agonising mixture of impatience and reluctance. Knowing that God’s redemptive plan requires him to bring the fiery baptism of judgment upon earth—not by inflicting it on others but by undergoing it himself—Jesus feels restricted and thwarted until this mission can be accomplished.

The reference to households being divided could have been directed at Luke’s community itself. Faith in Jesus could indeed be the cause of division in families. Although Luke’s community was predominantly Gentile, it did include Jewish Christians. Some Jews failed to recognise Jesus as the Messiah, and in the late first century, they expelled Christians from their synagogues. To persist with a Christian belief would have caused great division.

• What causes you to have ‘a fire in your belly’? What are you passionate about?
• How do you engage with people who do not understand or accept your faith in Jesus?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• Has your coming to faith in Christ caused division or awkwardness in your family or friends?
• Who are some people you know who have ‘a fire in their belly’, or who are passionate about their beliefs?
• Have you ever experienced a rift within your family? What was the cause of the division and hurt? How was this rift overcome? Or does it still need to be overcome? How can you help heal the pain and division? Share your stories.
• Reflect this week on the issues, situations or factors that divide your family or friends. Try to overcome these divisions and re-establish harmony.
• Use today’s collect as your prayer this week:
  O God, who have prepared for those who love you
  good things which no eye can see, 
  fill our heats, we pray, with the warmth of your love, 
  so that, loving you in all things and above all things, 
  we may attain your promises,
  which surpass every human desire.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

The history of the Church contains numerous examples of division caused by faith, as well as numerous examples of an overly zealous defence of the faith. Some of these examples are heroic, while others are shameful to us now.

• You could discuss the early persecution of the Church by the Roman authorities, as well as introduce some of the great martyrs of the early church who faced death instead of renouncing their faith. Many of these martyrs are mentioned in the first eucharistic prayer. An online search will yield numerous stories about early martyrs.
• You could make comparisons with more recent examples of martyrdom or with people who had great faith, passion and zeal.
• You could discuss situations in which religion (not only Christianity) lies at the heart of conflict or tension. Extend this discussion to how God would wish such conflicts to be resolved. What lessons can we learn to resolve conflicts in our own lives or relationships?

Symbols and images 

Like many symbols, fire can have both positive and negative connotations. It can be a painful and destructive force, or something to be feared and shunned. It can also be a purifying agent that burns away what is unwanted. Fire is also used in the testing of precious metals. In the Australian context, bushfire is the cause of death and destruction; however, it also causes the regeneration and new birth of many native species of flora.

Fire is also a symbol of passion, and it is often used in turns of phrase and concepts that capture this emotion—such as ‘fire in the belly’ or the fire of one’s love.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• What passion for the faith is displayed in your own community? How can this passion be harnessed and directed? If passion is not present, how can it be ignited?
• Use a flame in an open bowl as a focus for prayer (a small piece of firelighter on a bed of sand in the bowl can be used). Pray for strength and passion. Pray for each other and for all who spread the Gospel. A suitable song could be Be Not Afraid (GA 449). Conclude with the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94A.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

Jesus said to his disciples: ‘There is no need to be afraid, little flock, for it has pleased your Father to give you the kingdom.

‘Sell your possessions and give alms. Get yourselves purses that do not wear out, treasure that will not fail you, in heaven where no thief can reach it and no moth destroy it. For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.

‘See that you are dressed for action and have your lamps lit. Be like men waiting for their master to return from the wedding feast, ready to open the door as soon as he comes and knocks. Happy those servants whom the master finds awake when he comes. I tell you solemnly, he will put on an apron, sit them down at table and wait on them. It may be in the second watch he comes, or in the third, but happy those servants if he finds them ready. You may be quite sure of this, that if the householder had known at what hour the burglar would come, he would not have let anyone break through the wall of his house. You too must stand ready, because the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.’

Peter said, ‘Lord, do you mean this parable for us, or for everyone?’ The Lord replied, ‘What sort of steward, then, is faithful and wise enough for the master to place him over his household to give them their allowance of food at the proper time? Happy that servant if his master’s arrival finds him at this employment. I tell you truly, he will place him over everything he owns. But as for the servant who says to himself, “My master is taking his time coming,” and sets about beating the menservants and the maids, and eating and drinking and getting drunk, his master will come on a day he does not expect and at an hour he does not know. The master will cut him off and send him to the same fate as the unfaithful.

The servant who knows what his master wants, but has not even started to carry out those wishes, will receive very many strokes of the lash. The one who did not know, but deserves to be beaten for what he has done, will receive fewer strokes. When a man has had a great deal given him, a great deal will be demanded of him; when a man has had a great deal given him on trust, even more will be expected of him.’

(Luke 12:32–48) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• According to Roman custom, one day was reckoned from midnight to midnight, and the night was divided into four watches. According to Jewish custom, one day was reckoned from sunset to sunset, and the night was divided into three watches.
• Jewish weddings involved the groom going in procession to the home of the bride, where the wedding and a feast were held. After this celebration, the groom returned to his own home with his bride to begin their life together.

Exploring the Word 

The longer version of today’s gospel opens with a sublime promise: ‘There is no need to be afraid, little flock, for it has pleased your Father to give you the kingdom’. These words convey such intimacy, not only in regard to Jesus’ relationship with his ‘little flock’ but also in the Father's promise to bestow the kingdom onto the flock. However, this intimate relationship and promise do not remove our responsibility. On the contrary! Our response to this promise—whether we have faith in it or doubt it—will determine our response to the demands that Jesus makes of us: detachment from possessions, readiness for the Lord when he comes and integrity of life. We have been given a great deal, and a great deal will be demanded from us in return. We must be attentive to the Master’s requirements.

• What good things have you been given in your life?
• In what concrete ways can you make yourself ready for the Lord?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• Do you know what the Master wants but have difficulty fulfilling it?
• Recall an experience in which you found yourself completely unprepared. What were the circumstances? What did you do? What was the outcome? Share your stories.
• At the end of each day this week, spend some time reflecting on how well you lived the Gospel call. Resolve to be more attentive to preparing for what is to come, if necessary.
• Use an adaptation of a verse from today’s psalm as your prayer this week:
  My soul is waiting for the Lord.
  The Lord is my help and my shield.
  May your love be upon me, O Lord,
  as I place all my hope in you.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

Jesus promised that he would return at the end of time and usher in the new creation of God’s reign. The earliest church communities believed that the Second Coming would occur very soon; however, as time passed, they modified this belief with the realisation that they had to live the life of discipleship in the here and now while they waited for Christ’s return in glory. The Church today still holds this belief, and it is at the heart of our Creed: ‘He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead.’ This belief requires us to remain ready.

• Explore the idea of God’s reign being already present through the death and resurrection of Jesus, but not yet completed (see CCC, §668ff).
• Link the idea of making oneself ‘ready for the Lord’ to the catechumens’ approach to baptism. In what ways is their RCIA journey making them ‘ready for the Lord’?

Symbols and images 

In this text, the imagery of the vigilant servants who remain ready for their master’s return at any hour of the night reminds us to live expectantly and to be prepared for what is to come. Reflect on your own journey towards Jesus so far. Are you now living expectantly as you prepare for what is to come?

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• How is your local community involved in the journey that the catechumens are undertaking? How can the community become more deeply involved in this journey? How can the catechumens’ journey enrich and deepen the faith life of others in the community?
• Pray for openness to God and a spirit of courage to respond to God’s call. Pray a prayer of thanks for the gift of the kingdom. Pray for each other. A suitable song could be We Walk in Faith (GA 447). Conclude with the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94F.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

A man in the crowd said to Jesus, ‘Master, tell my brother to give me a share of our inheritance.’ ‘My friend,’ he replied, ‘who appointed me your judge, or the arbitrator of your claims?’ Then he said to them, ‘Watch, and be on your guard against avarice of any kind, for a man’s life is not made secure by what he owns, even when he has more than he needs.’

Then he told them a parable: ‘There was once a rich man who, having had a good harvest from his land, thought to himself, “What am I to do? I have not enough room to store my crops.” Then he said, “This is what I will do: I will pull down my barns and build bigger ones, and store all my grain and my goods in them, and I will say to my soul: My soul, you have plenty of good things laid by for many years to come; take things easy, eat, drink, have a good time.” But God said to him, “Fool! This very night the demand will be made for your soul; and this hoard of yours, whose will it be then?” So it is when a man stores up treasure for himself in place of making himself rich in the sight of God.’

(Luke 12:13–21) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• According to the law of Israel, if people had more than they needed, then they were required to share the excess with those who did not have enough. The goods of the earth belong to all.
• According to the Acts of the Apostles, the early church members shared their wealth so that all members would have what they needed (Acts 2:44–45).
• St John Chrysostom wrote, ‘Not to enable the poor to share in our goods is to steal from them and deprive them of life. The goods we possess are not ours but theirs.’
• The proper use of wealth and money is a major theme in the Gospel of Luke. 

Exploring the Word 

In today’s text, Jesus finds himself in a situation in which he is asked to render judgment on a claim one brother has made against another. In a sense, this request shows that Jesus is recognised as an authority, given that a rabbi was expected to be able to make judgments on all facets of law. According to the law, the firstborn son inherited a double portion of his father’s inheritance—that is, he inherits twice as much as his brothers (Deuteronomy 21:17). Perhaps this man’s brother was not keeping the law. However, Jesus refuses to be drawn into such a debate because it does not align with his mission. He has come to establish a new way, one in which women and men are drawn into God’s reign. The parable of the unwise man makes this point. A person’s life is not made secure by what he or she owns. It is better to store riches in heaven than in the here and now.

• Discuss these words of Dom Helder Camara:

I used to think when I was a child that Christ might have been exaggerating when he warned about the danger of wealth. Today I know better. I know how very hard it is to be rich and still keep the milk of human kindness. Money has a dangerous way of putting scales on one’s eyes, a dangerous way of freezing people’s hands, eyes, lips and hearts.

• There are also many examples of wealthy people who have undertaken extensive works of philanthropy. Explore some of these examples. Why do you think some people act in this way?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• How important is the acquisition of material wealth to you? Does it distract you from what is truly important?
• What should you do better to make yourself ‘rich in the eyes of God’?
• We often hear of wealthy people who cannot seem to find happiness despite their wealth. Who are some of these people, and what has befallen them? Have you ever experienced a time when material comfort was no buffer against suffering? Have you ever experienced great happiness despite not having extensive material wealth? Share your reflections.
• Approach this teaching two ways this week: reflect on the attitudes and values that you should cultivate to be rich in the sight of God, and share some of your excess wealth with those in need.
• Use today’s gospel acclamation this week, and reflect each day on this saying of Jesus. What does it mean to be ‘poor in spirit’?
  Happy the poor in spirit;
  the kingdom of heaven is theirs!

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

For the Church, works of mercy are among the obligations that all Christians must have. The spiritual works of mercy include ‘instructing, advising, consoling, comforting … forgiving and bearing wrongs patiently’; the corporal (bodily) works of mercy include ‘feeding the hungry, sheltering the homeless, clothing the naked, visiting the sick and imprisoned … burying the dead’ and ‘giving alms to the poor’ (CCC, §2447).

• Consider each of these acts one by one and explore what they mean and how we can include them in our daily lives.
• You could invite people to share how they undertake some of these works of mercy in the local context.

Symbols and images 

The quest for material comfort and security can distract us from what is truly important. We become so easily preoccupied with acquiring ‘things’ rather than attitudes and values. Pope John Paul II has said:

It is not wrong to want to live better; what is wrong is a style of life which is presumed to be better when it is directed towards ‘having’ rather than ‘being’. 

(Centesimus Annus, §36)

Similarly, Pope Francis has said that ‘money must serve, not rule’ (address to UNIPAC conference participants, 17 November 2016). Contemplate the image of being ‘rich in the sight of God’.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• In what ways does your community provide opportunities to practice works of mercy? For example, does it provide opportunities to visit the sick or console those who grieve? How can catechumens become involved in these activities?
• The open Scriptures and a handful of coins could symbolise the choices that form the heart of today’s gospel. Pray for each other as you strive to make yourselves rich in the sight of God. Pray for all people who work with those in need. A suitable song could be Seek Ye First the Kingdom of God (GA 456). Conclude with the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94C.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

Once Jesus was in a certain place praying, and when he had finished one of his disciples said, ‘Lord, teach us to pray, just as John taught his disciples.’

He said to them, ‘Say this when you pray:

‘“Father, may your name be held holy,
your kingdom come;
give us each day our daily bread,
and forgive us our sins,
for we ourselves forgive each one who is in debt to us.
And do not put us to the test.”’

He also said to them:

‘Suppose one of you has a friend and goes to him in the middle of the night to say, “My friend, lend me three loaves, because a friend of mine on his travels has just arrived at my house and I have nothing to offer him”; and the man answers from inside the house, “Do not bother me. The door is bolted now, and my children and I are in bed; I cannot get up to give it you.” I tell you, if the man does not get up and give it him for friendship’s sake, persistence will be enough to make him get up and give his friend all he wants.

‘So I say to you: Ask, and it will be given to you; search, and you will find; knock, and the door will be opened to you. For the one who asks always receives; the one who searches always finds; the one who knocks will always have the door opened to him. What father among you would hand his son a stone when he asked for bread? Or hand him a snake instead of a fish? Or hand him a scorpion if he asked for an egg? If you then, who are evil, know how to give your children what is good, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!’

(Luke 11:1–13) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• In Jesus’ time, there were many teachers who offered a spiritual path to their followers—a particular ‘way’. In this text, the disciples ask Jesus to teach them his ‘way’ to the Father.
• We can understand the reluctance of the man in the parable to get up and help his friend if we understand the houses of the time. Animals often occupied the ground floor at night while the family spread out their sleeping mats on an overhead platform. The door was often difficult to bolt. To get up and help his friend, the man in the parable would have had to disturb his entire family and flock.

Exploring the Word 

The God in this gospel text is not vague and distant; he is a God who shares an intimate and fatherly relationship of love. If ordinary parents know what is good for their children and want to give them all that is good, then how much more will our Father in heaven give us what we need. Asking our Father for what we need (rather than what we want) is an expression of our dependence on God. To ask for something is to place ourselves in a state of cooperation with God. We must also commit ourselves to working towards what we pray for, or else prayer becomes a way of evading responsibility, and we make God into some kind of Santa Claus.

• We often abuse this privilege of asking God for what we need. In what ways can this happen? In what ways can we turn prayer and petition into something inappropriate?
• Persistence is praised in this text. Have you ever felt like giving up on your journey? What has kept pushing you to persevere?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• ‘Ask, and it will be given to you; search, and you will find.’ What are you searching for? Have you found any answers yet?
• What would you ask God for at this point in your journey?
• Have you ever had to refuse someone’s request for your help? Why? What were the circumstances? How did you feel? Did your refusal alter your relationship with the petitioner? Do you regret your decision? Share your stories.
• Live out the ‘Our Father: Honour God’, give thanks for your daily bread and forgive others who wrong you.
• Learn the Lord’s Prayer by heart, if you do not already know it. Pray it often and carefully this week. Be attentive to each petition as you pray.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

The Lord’s Prayer is one of the oldest and most cherished prayers of the Church. Reflect on the meaning of each phrase.

Our Father

• In what ways do you experience God as loving Father?

Hallowed be your name

• How do you give homage to God’s name?

Your kingdom come, your will be done

• Explore the meaning of the kingdom or reign of God. How can we know God’s will? What is our responsibility in terms of helping to build the kingdom?

Give us this day our daily bread

• What do we need daily?

Forgive us … as we forgive

• How easy or difficult do you find forgiveness?

Lead us not into temptation

• What are the temptations in your life?

A more in-depth commentary on the Lord’s Prayer can be found in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (§§2759–2853).

Symbols and images 

The Old Testament often refers to God as the Father of his covenant people, Israel, and as the one who will act to deliver his people. However, when Jesus addresses God as Father, he expresses his unique, personal and filial relationship to God. Through Jesus, the disciples can know God as a gracious and loving Father.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• Try to live all aspects of the Lord’s Prayer this week. Ask God for what you need (not for what you want!).
• Use an image of Jesus at prayer as a focus. Invite catechumens to use the style of a prayer of intercession. You could respond to each prayer using the Taizé refrain, ‘O Lord, hear my prayer’ (GA 431). Conclude with the blessing in the RCIA at §97C.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

Jesus came to a village, and a woman named Martha welcomed him into her house. She had a sister called Mary, who sat down at the Lord’s feet and listened to him speaking. Now Martha who was distracted with all the serving said, ‘Lord, do you not care that my sister is leaving me to do the serving all by myself? Please tell her to help me.’ But the Lord answered: ‘Martha, Martha,’ he said ‘you worry and fret about so many things, and yet few are needed, indeed only one. It is Mary who has chosen the better part; it is not to be taken from her.’

(Luke 10:38–42) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• Mary’s attitude in this text is one of discipleship. To sit at the feet of the Master is to be a follower or disciple. In Jesus’ time, such an attitude was often reserved for men.
• Mary and Martha, the sisters of this text, are also mentioned in the Gospel of John. Although Luke does not name the village in which they live, John notes that they live in Bethany, just outside Jerusalem, with their brother, Lazarus.

Exploring the Word 

After our first reading of this text, many of us would sympathise with Martha, who is left to do all the work. However, a more careful reading of the text uncovers the real problem. Martha is ready ‘to welcome Jesus into her house’. And yet, she becomes so preoccupied with the fuss of preparing food that she fails to do what she had originally intended: to offer welcome to the person of Jesus. In contrast, Mary is attentive to Jesus’ words and teachings. In this story, who has offered the true welcome? Mary and Martha’s responses are not in opposition; they indicate two ways of acting that should become integrated into our relations with others—that is, we should have attentive friendship as well as generous and practical service. The gospel of the Good Samaritan from last week shows us a model of selfless service. In today’s text, we are presented with the other side of the story: the need to also be attentive and to listen to the word of God so that we are not preoccupied with ultimately unimportant activities and preparations.

• With which of the women in this story do you identify with the most?
• How could you cultivate the other side of yourself?
• Identify circumstances in which both contemplation and action are required.

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• What causes you to ‘worry and fret’? Is this a distraction from God?
• What happens when you take time to be still and attentive to the voice of God?
• In the busyness of life, it is often difficult to pay genuine attention to others. Spend time in pairs reviewing the week and recalling times when you provided your undivided attention to the important people in your life. Is there something to be learned from this exercise? If you need to, resolve to do better this week!
• Make time this week to ‘sit at the feet of the Master’. This could mean reading the Scriptures or other religious literature, or listening to someone who can teach you something about the life of faith.
• Use today’s prayer after Communion as your prayer this week:
  Graciously be present to your people, we pray, O Lord,
  and lead those you have imbued with heavenly mysteries
  to pass from former ways to newness of life.
  Through Christ our Lord.
  Amen
• Alternatively, you could spend some time each day praying without words. Make yourself still and close your eyes. Fix your heart on God, who dwells within you. If you find yourself being distracted, don’t worry and turn your mind back to God.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

The tradition of the Church honours many people who are known as ‘mystics’ or contemplatives.

• Explain these terms.

Some famous examples include St John of the Cross, Hildegard of Bingen, St Theresa and Padre Pio.

• Explore the lives and writings of some of these people.

The Church also honours many who were people of action, such as St Francis Xavier, St Mary (MacKillop) of the Cross, Frederick Ozenam, Don Bosco and Catherine McAuley.

• Explore the stories of some of these people.
• It should be remembered that people of action find the motivation for their ‘doing’ in a deep spirituality and close relationship with Jesus. How might you integrate both aspects into your own life?

Symbols and images 

In this text, Jesus does not rebuke Martha because of her acts of service. Far from it! The real point of his criticism is that she has allowed herself to be distracted by unimportant matters instead of concentrating on what really matters: God!

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• This week, practice both aspects of welcome. Invite someone home for dinner and be attentive to them and their needs. Each day, make space to simply ‘sit at the feet of the Lord’. What is God saying to you?
• Create a quiet focus for prayer, perhaps with a simple cloth and candle. You could listen to a Taizé chant such as Adoramus te Domine or use Adoramus te Christi (GA 305). Pray quietly for each other. Conclude with the blessing in the RCIA at §97I. Ensure that you continue being attentive to each other while sharing a cup of tea and a bite to eat.

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

There was a lawyer who, to disconcert Jesus, stood up and said to him, ‘Master, what must I do to inherit eternal life?’ He said to him, ‘What is written in the Law? What do you read there?’ He replied, ‘You must love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind, and your neighbour as yourself.’ ‘You have answered right,’ said Jesus ‘do this and life is yours.’

But the man was anxious to justify himself and said to Jesus, ‘And who is my neighbour?’ Jesus replied, ‘A man was once on his way down from Jerusalem to Jericho and fell into the hands of brigands; they took all he had, beat him and then made off, leaving him half dead. Now a priest happened to be travelling down the same road, but when he saw the man, he passed by on the other side. In the same way a Levite who came to the place saw him, and passed by on the other side. But a Samaritan traveller who came upon him was moved with compassion when he saw him. He went up and bandaged his wounds, pouring oil and wine on them. He then lifted him on to his own mount, carried him to the inn and looked after him. Next day, he took out two denarii and handed them to the innkeeper. “Look after him,” he said “and on my way back I will make good any extra expense you have.” Which of these three, do you think, proved himself a neighbour to the man who fell into the brigands’ hands?’ ‘The one who took pity on him’ he replied. Jesus said to him, ‘Go, and do the same yourself.’

(Luke 10:25–37) 

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• The priest and the Levite in this parable were religious professionals. They were on their way to perform their duties in the temple. If they had touched the wounded man, then they may have come into contact with blood; consequently, they would have become ritually unclean and unable to perform their duties. Their obsession with religious regulations blinded them to the even more fundamental commandment to love their neighbour.
• The denarius was a Roman silver coin equivalent to one day’s pay. The Samaritan’s action is extremely generous!
• The road from Jericho to Jerusalem was the normal route that people took when they were travelling to the holy city and the temple. Jericho was the usual crossing point of the River Jordan. 

Exploring the Word 

The parables that Jesus told were always designed to shock those who were listening. As modern listeners, we are shocked by the priest and Levite simply walking past the wounded man; however, this would not have been shocking to people who lived during Jesus’ time. These men had sacred duties to perform in the temple. If the man was dead, or even bleeding, and they came into contact with him, then they would not have been able to perform their obligations to God! The real shock to listeners in Jesus’ day was the Samaritan’s response. An enmity and suspicion existed between Jews and Samaritans that had lasted for centuries. Samaritans do not behave like that! To be so moved by compassion for the wounded man that the Samaritan bathes and dresses his wounds and pays for his further care is an outrageous scenario for the Jews to comprehend. This practical application of ‘love of neighbour’ is taken a step further when Jesus commands the lawyer to act in the same way as the Samaritan. This too would have been a shock!

• What are some modern ‘stereotyped’ images that we have of certain groups or people today?
• Explore some of the barriers that exist in our own society.
• How are we called to break down those barriers and build bridges instead?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• Ask yourself the fundamental question: what must I do to inherit eternal life?
• Who is your neighbour? Identify those who suffer today.
• 'Go, and do the same yourself.' What does this mean in our world?
• Share an experience in your life in which someone that you least expected helped you or attended to you. Has a perfect stranger ever helped you? Share your stories. Alternatively, share an experience in which you were moved by compassion and responded positively.
• Respond with generosity to someone in need this week. Donate to an agency who works with the poor or needy. Better still, become involved in that work.
• A verse from today’s psalm is a suitable prayer for this week:
  This is my prayer to you, my prayer for your favour.
  In your great love answer me, O God,
  with your help that never fails:
  Lord, answer, for your love is kind;
  in your compassion, turn towards me.

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

The story of St Francis and his life-changing encounter with the leper is just one in the Church’s treasury of stories that involve an unselfish love of neighbour. Other examples of such stories include those of Damien of Molokai and of St Martin and the beggar.

• Explore some of these stories of selfless giving.
• Are there people in your parish who work tirelessly for the disadvantaged? Arrange for them to share their stories.

One of Pope John Paul II’s greatest contributions during his papacy was his constant call to engage in interreligious dialogue to break down barriers and build bridges between all peoples of the human family. Pope Francis shares this commitment to interreligious dialogue, as he encourages us to pray that ‘sincere dialogue among men and women of different faiths may produce the fruits of peace and justice’ (video prayer message, 8 January 2016). What does this mean? The response to certain events such as the Christchurch mosque attacks of 2019 may offer some insights into what can be achieved through mutual respect and dialogue.

• Explore some of the Church’s initiatives in this area—such as the ecumenical World Day of Prayer for the Care of Creation.
• You could gather information from the Australian Catholic Bishops’ Commission for Christian Unity and Inter-religious Dialogue regarding local initiatives that aim to build relations with other people of faith. 

Symbols and images 

There is a timelessness in the parable told in this text. The pathos of the injured man urges us all to come to the aid of wounded humanity. We are asked to respond compassionately and generously to those in need. We are called to more deeply understand what faith in the God of life truly demands rather than rest in simple adherence to ritual obligation.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• How does your community help break down barriers between peoples and faiths? Are there ways in which catechumens can become involved?
• This might be an appropriate time for an anointing of the catechumens given in the RCIA at §101. Use a phial of oil as a focus. Talk about how the Samaritan used oil for healing. Adapt the prayer to reflect today’s gospel. Pray for each other and for all those who care for the needy. An appropriate song could be The Servant Song (GA 487).

Gospel

Jerusalem Bible © 1966 by Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday & Company Inc.

The Lord appointed seventy-two others and sent them out ahead of him, in pairs, to all the towns and places he himself was to visit. He said to them, ‘The harvest is rich but the labourers are few, so ask the Lord of the harvest to send labourers to his harvest. Start off now, but remember, I am sending you out like lambs among wolves. Carry no purse, no haversack, no sandals. Salute no one on the road.

‘Whatever house you go into, let your first words be, “Peace to this house!” And if a man of peace lives there, your peace will go and rest on him; if not, it will come back to you. Stay in the same house, taking what food and drink they have to offer, for the labourer deserves his wages; do not move from house to house.

‘Whenever you go into a town where they make you welcome, eat what is set before you. Cure those in it who are sick, and say, “The kingdom of God is very near to you.” But whenever you enter a town and they do not make you welcome, go out into its streets and say, “We wipe off the very dust of your town that clings to our feet, and leave it with you. Yet be sure of this: the kingdom of God is very near.” I tell you, on that day it will not go as hard with Sodom as with that town.’

The seventy-two came back rejoicing. ‘Lord,’ they said ‘even the devils submit to us when we use your name.’ He said to them, ‘I watched Satan fall like lightning from heaven. Yes, I have given you power to tread underfoot serpents and scorpions and the whole strength of the enemy; nothing shall ever hurt you. Yet do not rejoice that the spirits submit to you; rejoice rather that your names are written in heaven.’

(Luke 10:1–12, 17–20)

Did you know? 

Points of interest and Catholic lore 

• The vineyard is often used in the Old Testament as an image of God’s people; they must be tended to and cultivated well so that a rich harvest is yielded.
• The Church has always understood its main function of announcing the Gospel to others. This is the Church's mission, and missionaries conduct the work.
• All baptised people are called to be a part of this missionary activity of the Church. 

Exploring the Word 

At the end of the Gospel of Luke, Jesus’ final instruction to the disciples is to proclaim the Good News to all the nations (Luke 24:47). In today’s text, it seems as if Jesus is throwing the disciples into the deep end! Although they are sent on their first missionary assignment as raw recruits, with little to help them, the lessons they learn in their missions will be greatly needed later. For whatever they seek to achieve in Jesus’ name, they are given the assistance they need. However, Jesus reminds them that the crucial factor is not that they are powerful or that they are successful; it is that they are doing God's will, in Jesus’ name, which is the reason for their ultimate salvation.

• In this text, the disciples are not yet fully formed, but they are willing to undertake the mission. Explore how the catechumens are like the disciples in this story. What lessons are they learning?
• Do they feel as if they are lambs among wolves? Explore this idea. How is it ‘dangerous’ to be a Christian in today's society?

Making connections 

Opportunities for group discussion and personal prayer 

• How have you been received into the family of God’s people?
• In what ways are you called to spread the Good News to others?
• At this early stage of the gospel, the disciples are hardly formed for the task they receive. Have you ever been given a job that set you on a ‘steep learning curve’? How did it make you feel? What was your response? How well did you achieve your task? Share your stories with others.
• Offer the gift of hospitality to someone this week. Make them feel welcome and give something of ‘the peace of Christ’ to them. Reflect on how this enriches you yourself as well as the recipient of your hospitality.
• Use the gospel acclamation as the basis of your prayer this week:
  May the peace of Christ reign in my heart
  and may the fullness of his message live in me. 

Sharing the tradition 

A closer look at the Scripture of the day, to see how it makes more explicit God’s word to us through the teachings of Jesus Christ 

‘The harvest is rich but the labourers are few.’ All the faithful are called to fulfil their vocation in the Church. For some, this means priestly vocation or religious life. For others, their vocation is fulfilled as a married couple or single layperson.

• Explore the idea of vocation in all its rich diversity. You could invite a priest or religious brother or sister to discuss their vocation. Invite a married couple or single layperson to do the same.

One specific vocation within the Church is that of the missionary, who leaves his or her own culture to work in another. 

• You could recount the story of famous saints who have ‘gone out to the nations’, such as those of St Patrick, St Columban, Francis Xavier and Mother Teresa.
• You could discuss the work of missionaries today, or even invite a returned missioner to be with the group. Resources and personnel may be available from the Catholic Mission, Melbourne Overseas Mission or St Columban’s Mission Society.

Symbols and images 

This reading makes it clear that Jesus' message is available freely to all. However, it is how people respond to the invitation to faith that differentiates them. Some accept it and peace rests with them, while others reject it and must accept the consequences of their choice.

Living the Word 

Practical ideas for group leaders to employ in connecting Scripture and daily life, with suggestions for music and environment 

• How does your community manifest this missionary aspect of the Church or support missionary groups? How can catechumens become involved in these activities?
• Use an image of a pair of sandals and a staff as a focus for prayer. Pray for those who work as missionaries today. Pray for vocations to religious life. Pray for each other as you too seek to understand your vocation. A suitable song could be Take Christ to the World (GA 369). Conclude with the prayer of exorcism in the RCIA at §94F.